Mother of the Believers

Fāṭimah bint Muḥammad

فاطمة بنت محمد

Dates: 605–632 CE / 18 BH–11 AH
Relation to the Prophet ﷺ: Youngest daughter of the Prophet ﷺ

al-Zahrāʾ (The Luminous)Sayyidat Nisāʾ al-Jannah (Leader of the Women of Paradise)

Known for

The Prophet's ﷺ most beloved daughter. The only one of his children to survive him — by less than six months.

Life

Fāṭimah was the Prophet's ﷺ youngest daughter with Khadījah, born five years before the first revelation. She watched her mother die, saw her father stoned and exiled, emigrated to Madinah, and married ʿAlī in a marriage the community still treats as the template for a simple, dignified Muslim wedding.

She bore al-Ḥasan, al-Ḥusayn, Zaynab, and Umm Kulthūm — the only surviving lineage of the Prophet ﷺ. Her relationship with her father was extraordinarily tender; the Prophet ﷺ stood when she entered a room, sat her in his seat, kissed her forehead. She died six months after him, in terrible grief, at twenty-seven.

References in the library

Passages that mention Fāṭimah

"Another narration by Imam Ahmad states, Fatima is the leader of the women of the people of Paradise, except for Maryam, daughter of Imran. This suggests that Maryam and Fatima are the best among these four. The exception could mean that Maryam is better than Fatima, or that they are equal in virtue. However, there is a hadith that specifies the first possibility, stating, The leader of the women of Paradise is Maryam, daughter of Imran, then Fatima, then Khadijah, then Asiyah, the wife of Pharaoh."

Source in The Story of Prophets of Bani Israil →
"To him belongs what he creates and fashions, and over his creation he has decreed finitude. In the Messenger of Allah is a good example. This is the grave of Umm Salama, Fatima bint Husayn, may Allah be pleased with her. The other plaque is inscribed with the craftsmanship of Muhammad ibn Abi. Salah al-Nakash in Egypt, beneath these verses, I have placed the one whose abode was my innermost heart, against my will between dust and stone. O grave of Fatima, daughter of Ibn Fatima, daughter of the Imams, daughter of the stars shining brightly, O grave what piety and devotion, what chastity and protection, what modesty you contain. Then I traveled from this city to"

Source in Volume One →
"I refused this demand and informed Amid al-Mulk, son of Imad al-Din al-Samani, who informed his father, and it reached the minister. There was enmity between the minister and Khadawan Zahra, so he informed the Sultan of this and mentioned many actions of Khadawan Zahra. The Sultan's disposition towards him changed, and he ordered his imprisonment in the city, asking why someone gave him what they did, and postponed everything until it was known whether or not Khadawan Zahra would give something if prevented from doing so, or prevent it if he were given something."

Source in Volume Two →
"be upon him, except for Ibrahim. These children were al-Qasim, known as Abu al-Qasim, al-Tayyib, al-Tahir, Zaynab, Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum, and Fatimah. Ibn Hisham stated that the eldest was al-Qasim, followed by al-Tayyib and al-Tahir. Among his daughters, Ruqayya was the eldest, then Zaynab, Umm Kulthum, and Fatimah. Al-Bayhaqi narrated from al-Hakim that Musab ibn Abdullah al-Zubayri said the eldest of his children was al-Qasim, followed by Zaynab, Abdullah, Umm Kulthum, Fatimah, and Ruqayya."

Source in Israelite Prophets to Pre-Islamic Arabia →
"that the messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, you have four ladies who are the leaders of the women of the worlds, Fatima, Khadija, Aisha and Mariam. It is narrated that Aisha once asked Fatima, do you remember when you leaned over the messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, and cried, then laughed? Fatima replied, he informed me that he would die from this pain, so I cried."

Source in Israelite Prophets to Pre-Islamic Arabia →
"with a gold ring in her hand, and in another narration, a gold chain in Fatimah's hand. The people said, "Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad, has a chain of fire in her hand," and he left without sitting. She commanded that the chain be sold and bought a slave with its price and set him free. When he heard this, he said, "Praise be to Allah who saved Fatimah from the fire.""

Source in Poverty & Asceticism →

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