Who was ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān?

"Sa'd then went to Umar and said, "O Commander of the Faithful! Has something new happened in Islam?" Umar asked, "What is that?" Sa'd explained the situation, and Umar sent for Uthman. When Uthman came, Umar asked, "What prevents you from returning your brother's greeting?" Uthman replied, "I did not do so." After some discussion, Uthman remembered and said, "Indeed, I seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him."

"and his tears flowed onto the cheek of 'Uthman. This narration was authenticated by Al-Tirmidhi. When the funeral of 'Uthman ibn Maz'un was passing by, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, remarked: "You have departed and did not partake in anything of this world." Umm Al-Ala, one of those who pledged allegiance, mentioned that 'Uthman ibn Maz'un fell ill with them, and they nursed him until he passed away. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, came, and she said: "My testimony upon you, O Abu Al-Sa'ib, is that Allah has honored you!" The Messenger of Allah replied: "And what makes you know?" She said: "I do not know,"

"then passed through to the other side, is more beloved to me than that." It is narrated that Uthman suffered from nosebleeds and called Humran, saying, "Write a covenant for Abd al-Rahman after me." Humran did so and informed Abd al-Rahman, saying, "Good news! Uthman has written the covenant for you after him." Abd al-Rahman then stood between the grave and the pulpit, supplicated, and said, "O Allah, if it is from Uthman's appointment of me to this matter, then take my life before it." He did not last more than six months before Allah took him."

"glad tidings of paradise. Among them, the best are Abu Bakr, then Umar ibn al-Khattab, then Uthman ibn Affan, then Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with them all. Only an innovator, hypocrite, or vile person would doubt this. The Prophet, peace be upon him, stated in the Hadith of Irbaad ibn Saria, adhere to my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the rightly guided Caliphs after me, hold on to it tightly and beware of newly invented matters. The rightly guided Caliphs are Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali, may Allah be pleased with them all. Allah revealed verses in praise of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him. Allah the Exalted"

"I frequently heard the Prophet peace and blessings be upon him saying I went with Abu Bakr and Umar I came out with Abu Bakr and Umar and I entered with Abu Bakr and Umar Now regarding the death of Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him. The hadith about his murder is well known Abdullah Ibn Salam said I came to my brother Uthman to greet him while he was besieged I entered and he said welcome my brother I saw the messenger of Allah peace and blessings be upon him last night in this small window He pointed to a window in the house and said Oh Uthman they will besiege you. I said yes He said they will make you thirsty I said yes"

"So I chose to break my fast with him and he was killed that day. May Allah be pleased with him Abdullah Ibn Salam then addressed those present during the throes of Uthman and death as he was wounded What did Uthman say while struggling in death? They said we heard him say Oh Allah unite the nation of Muhammad peace and blessings be upon him three times By the one in whose hand is my soul if he had called upon Allah for them never to unite They would not have reunited until the Day of Judgment Thumama Ibn Hazan Al-Khushairi recounted an event involving Uthman. May Allah be pleased with him"

"his knowledge of it, and his voice reaching them was among the great miracles. Anas Ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, recounted an encounter with Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him. Anas had looked intently at a woman on his way, admiring her beauty. When he entered, Uthman said, one of you enters with the trace of fornication apparent in his eyes. Do you not know that the fornication of the eyes is the gaze? You must repent or I will punish you. Anas asked, is there revelation after the Prophet? Uthman replied, no, but insight, evidence, and truthful intuition. Abu Sa'id al-Kharaz shared an experience in"

"who had forsaken women, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent for him and said, O Uthman, I have not been commanded with monasticism. In this narration, it is mentioned, Whoever turns away from my sunnah is not of me. It is said that the Messenger of Allah rebuked Uthman bin Mazun for celibacy, and if he had permitted it, they would have emasculated themselves. Al-Baghawi and al-Tabarani narrate from Uthman bin Mazun that he said, O Messenger of Allah, I find celibacy during military expeditions difficult, so will you permit me to emasculate myself? The Prophet replied, No, but observe"

"However, Umar expanded it maintaining the original construction style with clay and palm fronds and restored its wooden columns. Uthman, may Allah be pleased with him, later made significant changes building its walls with carved stones and bricks and using carved stone columns and a cedar wood roof. Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, expanded the mosque interpreting the Prophet's saying, whoever builds a mosque for Allah, even if it is as small as a bird's nest, Allah will build for him a house in paradise."

"On his way, he picked up a camel's jawbone and continued with it in his hand, seeking Kab. It was said to Kab, Abu Dhar is looking for you, so he fled until he entered upon Uthman, seeking protection and informed him of the matter. Abu Dhar arrived, tracing Kab's footsteps until he reached the house of Uthman. When he entered, Kab stood and hid behind Uthman, fearing Abu Dhar, who then said to Kab, Ah, son of the Jewish woman, you claim there is no harm in what Abdur-Rahman Ibn Auf left behind."