ʿAfw
Definition
Afw — pardon and forgiveness — is the primary cure that al-Ghazali prescribes for hiqd. He distinguishes between three levels: releasing the anger internally (the minimum), releasing it externally in one's behaviour toward the person (treating them normally despite inner discomfort), and releasing it completely — forgiveness that produces genuine goodwill toward the person who caused the injury. He holds up the third level as the prophetic ideal but acknowledges that even the first level is a significant spiritual achievement for many people. The movement from the first to the third is the work of riyadha applied to the disease of rancor.
As understood in the classical tradition of Imam al-Ghazali and the scholars of his school.
Appears in
1 book in the library
Hear the term in context.
Every book above uses ʿAfw the way the classical scholars meant it. Listen with the full Study Kit in the app.