Badr
بدرDefinition
The first major military engagement of the Madinan period (year 2 of the Hijra). The believers' victory over a Quraysh force three times their size established the new community as a peninsular military and political reality.
As understood in the classical tradition of Ibn Kathir and the scholars of his school.
How the scholars use Badr.
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"is no need to go out in vain. They listened to him, and not a single man from the Banu Zuhra attended the Battle of Badr. Al-Akhnas was influential among them, and there was no clan of the Quraysh without some people setting out, except for the Banu Adi, from whom no one went. The Banu Zuhra returned with Al-Akhnas, so neither of these two tribes had anyone present at Badr. Ibn Ishaq narrated that the people proceeded until they camped at al-Udwāt al-Quswa of the valley, behind al-Aqnaqīl and the valley's belly, which is Yāliyāl, between Badr and the dense al-Aqnaqīl where the Quraysh were. The well at Badr was in al-Udwāt al-Dunyā from the belly of Yāliyāl to Medina."
— Ibn Kathir, Volume 3 — The Sīrah: From the First Revelation to Badr
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"arrived in Medina and bequeathed a third of his wealth to him, which the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, returned to his heirs. His son Bishr witnessed Badr, Uhud, and the Battle of the Trench, and died as a martyr in Khaybar after eating from the poisoned sheep with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. Sinan ibn Saifi, al-Tufail ibn al-Numan, and Maqeel ibn al-Mundir were Badr participants. Masud ibn Zayd and Dahak ibn Harithah were also among the Badr participants. Yazid ibn Kidam and Jubair ibn Sakhr were Badr participants, as were al-Tufail ibn Malik, Kab ibn Malik, and Sulaim ibn Amir. Qutba ibn Amir and his brother"
— Ibn Kathir, Volume 3 — The Sīrah: From the First Revelation to Badr
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"Abu Mas'ud Uqba ibn Amr, noted by Ibn Ishaq as the youngest to witness the Pledge of Aqaba, did not participate in Badr. Ziyad ibn Labid, Furwa ibn Amr, and Khalid ibn Qais were Badr participants. Rafi ibn Malik was a leader, and Daqwan ibn Abd Qais was known as a Muhajir Ansari, staying with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, in Mecca until he migrated. He was a Badr participant and was killed on the day of Uhud. Abad ibn Qais and his brother Al-Harith were Badr participants. Al-Bara ibn Marur was a leader and the first to pledge allegiance, according to the Banu Salimah. He died before the Prophet, peace be upon him,"
— Ibn Kathir, Volume 3 — The Sīrah: From the First Revelation to Badr
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