Bukhtunassar
Bukhtunassar — Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon — is presented by Ibn Kathir not primarily as a historical conqueror but as a divinely appointed instrument of punishment for the Israelites' accumulated violations of their covenant with Allah. His conquest of Jerusalem, demolition of Solomon's Temple, and deportation of the Israelite population into Babylonian captivity fulfilled the warnings that generations of prophets had delivered to a people who repeatedly murdered their messengers and persisted in sin. Ibn Kathir draws on the Quranic reference to the two corruptions on earth (17:4-8) to frame Nebuchadnezzar's destruction as the first of the two prophesied punishments — not a historical accident but a fulfillment of divine promise.
As understood in the classical tradition of Ibn Kathir and the scholars of his school.
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