Īmān
Definition
Iman is the Arabic term for faith, and it encompasses three dimensions that must work together: affirmation in the heart (tasdiq), declaration with the tongue (iqrar), and action with the limbs (ʿamal). Al-Ghazali argues against any theology that separates these three — faith that remains a cognitive assertion without producing any change in behaviour and character is deficient. Authentic iman is a living force that grows through worship and righteous action, and diminishes through sin and heedlessness. Al-Ghazali's definition makes iman a dynamic reality rather than a static credential — something the believer must actively maintain and deepen throughout their life.
As understood in the classical tradition of Imam al-Ghazali and the scholars of his school.
Appears in
1 book in the library
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