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Glossary Entry

Jurhum

Definition

Jurhum was an ancient Arab tribe from Yemen that was drawn to the valley of Makkah by the spring of Zamzam after it burst from the earth beneath the infant Ismail. They asked Hajar's permission to settle near the water, she agreed, and Ismail grew up among them as their neighbor and eventually their kinsman. Ibn Kathir notes that Ismail learned Arabic from the Jurhum — making Arabic, rather than his father's Chaldean or his mother's Egyptian, his native language. He married from among them, establishing the line of descent through which the Arab prophetic lineage would eventually produce Muhammad ﷺ. The Jurhum are thus the bridge between Ibrahim's mission and the Arab world.

As understood in the classical tradition of Ibn Kathir and the scholars of his school.

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