Muʿāmalat al-Nās bil-Tawāḍuʿ
Definition
Muamalat al-nas bil-tawadu — treating people with humility in practice — is al-Ghazali's prescription for the behavioural dimension of the cure for pride. He recommends specific practices: greeting first rather than waiting to be greeted, sitting in the lowliest available position rather than claiming the most prestigious, listening more than speaking, not interrupting, acknowledging one's errors readily, and treating everyone — regardless of social status — with the same respect and attention. These outward practices of humility are not hypocrisy if the inner disease is still present — they are the outer medicine that, consistently practised, gradually produces the inner healing.
As understood in the classical tradition of Imam al-Ghazali and the scholars of his school.
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