Taqtīr
Taqtir — excessive restriction in spending — is the specific behavioural expression of bukhl: spending less than one's means permit and less than those in one's care genuinely need, driven by the miser's compulsive need to accumulate and preserve rather than use and circulate. Al-Ghazali addresses the real harms of taqtir: it fails the family that depends on the miser's provision, it violates the Islamic obligation to spend on those one is responsible for, and it creates a household atmosphere of artificial scarcity that breeds resentment and damages the relationships that wealth should support.
As understood in the classical tradition of Imam al-Ghazali and the scholars of his school.
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