What did Ibn Battuta see in Oman and Hormuz?
Around the Gulf Ibn Battuta saw the pearl fishers, the port of Hormuz, and the towns of Oman and Bahrain.
8 passages from 2 books in the library
Ibn Battuta crossed the desert for six days and reached Oman on the seventh, finding it rich with flowing rivers, trees, gardens and abundant fruit. Its sultan hosted and honoured him; the deputy was Saif al-Din Omar, emir of Jandar, of Turkish origin. He sailed to Muscat, a small town known for its plentiful fish, called Qalb al-Mas, then passed the anchorages of al-Qurayyat, Shaba and Kalba to Qalhat, lands under Hormuz yet counted as part of Oman. A woman under the Sultan's safekeeping, he adds, could not be opposed even by her family.
Drawn from the classical sources below — in the scholars' own words.
The classical approach.
These passages are drawn from 2 books by Ibn Battuta — part of the classical Sunni tradition that carries over a thousand years of reflection on the Qurʾān, the authentic Sunnah, and the consensus of the early community. Nothing below is a paraphrase. The words are the scholars' own, translated from the original Arabic manuscripts.
14th century · Tangier, Morocco
The Riḥlah — a 30-year, 75,000-mile journey across three continents, and the most important travel account of the pre-modern world.
More on Ibn Battuta →
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"Its people drink from springs flowing from its mountains. They are of the Persian nobility, with a clan from the Arabah Banu Safaf, known for diving for pearls. Pearl dive. The pearl diving occurs between Siraf and Bahrain, in a stagnant inlet akin to a vast valley. In April and May, numerous boats gather there. The divers and merchants of Persia, Bahrain, and Qatif would equip themselves with items crafted from tortoise shell to cover their faces when diving."
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"Hormuz and elsewhere. The Eureka leaf is also grown there, though its leaves are small. End dates are imported to this area from Oman. We then headed toward the land of Oman, traveling through the desert for six days, until we reached Oman on the seventh day. It is rich with flowing rivers, trees, gardens, and a variety of abundant fruits."
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"Even her father or relatives cannot oppose her, and if they were to kill her, they would be killed in retaliation, as she is under the Sultan's safekeeping. I then traveled from the land of Oman to that of Hormuz. Hormuz is a city on the coast, also known as Moghistan, opposite which lies New Hormuz in the sea, three leagues apart."
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"Hormuz is a city on the coast, also known as Moghistan, opposite which lies New Hormuz in the sea, three leagues apart. We reached New Hormuz, which is an island with a city called Jarwan, with a jim with a fatha, a rah with a fatha. and ending with a nun. It is a beautiful, large city, bustling with markets, and is a harbor for goods from India and Sindh, transported to Iraq, Persia, and Khorasan."
14th century · Tangier, Morocco
The Riḥlah — a 30-year, 75,000-mile journey across three continents, and the most important travel account of the pre-modern world.
More on Ibn Battuta →
· Provenance →
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"whose name resembles the feminine form of the word dog. We continued to Qalhat, which I previously mentioned. All of these lands fall under the dominion of Hormuz and are considered part of Oman. We traveled then to Hormuz, staying for three days, after which we traversed the land to Khoristan, then to Lar, followed by Khanjbal, all mentioned prior."
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"desired without anyone else being able to buy until he was prepared. He gave him three fully equipped ships for travel. Shihab al-Din traveled and settled on the island of Hormuz, building a grand house that I saw later. I also saw Shihab al-Din have lost everything he had in Shiraz, seeking charity from its Sultan, Abu Ishaq. It was a common occurrence in India that few could take their wealth out. If they managed, misfortune would typically deplete it elsewhere, as happened to Shihab al-Din during the conflict between the king of Hormuz and his nephews, which seized all his possessions, leaving him impoverished."
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"who was the ruler when I first arrived. His deputy was Saif al-Din Omar, emir of Jandar, of Turkish origin. This sultan hosted and honored me. I then sailed to Muscat, a small town known for its abundant fish called Qalb al-Mas. We then traveled to Marsa al-Qurayyat, properly pronounced with a closed kaf, open ra in the final letter, followed by an alif and a tanwin, a small diacritic symbol. Following that, we journeyed to Marsa Shaba, with the name pronounced with an open sheen and ba, both emphasized, and then to Marsa Kalba, whose name resembles the feminine form of the word dog. We continued to Qalhat, which"
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"He sent an Arab commander known as Sayyid Abu al-Hassan, a member of the Badars and among the special doorman, with wealth to gather as many Arabs as possible from the lands of Hormuz and Qatif, due to his fondness for Arabs. I approached this commander and found him bent on wintering in Calicut before traveling to Arab lands."
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