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What is Ḍuḥā prayer? When and how to pray it.

The Prophet ﷺ called Ḍuḥā the prayer of the repentant. It covers the sadaqah owed on every joint in the body and is a light for the face on the Day.

10 passages from 4 books in the library

Ḍuḥā is the voluntary forenoon prayer, performed after the sun has risen until shortly before noon. Al-Ghazali, in his Book of Prayer, notes that its time runs "from the sun's ascendancy until shortly before noon" — the period between sunrise and midday. He records that the Prophet ﷺ prayed Ḍuḥā in differing numbers, citing reports of six rakʿahs (from Jābir) and eight (from Umm Hāniʾ). In The Mysteries of Regular Divisions he explains it is not obligatory, since it falls when people are often busy with their affairs.

  1. When: between sunrise and noon — al-Ghazali says "from the sun's ascendancy until shortly before noon"
  2. After roughly three hours have passed since sunrise, pray it before the time ends
  3. How many: reports describe six rakʿahs (from Jābir) and eight rakʿahs (from Umm Hāniʾ)
  4. It is recommended, not obligatory

Drawn from the classical sources below — in the scholars' own words.

Where the answer comes from

The classical approach.

These passages are drawn from 4 books by Imam al-Ghazali and Ibn Kathir — part of the classical Sunni tradition that carries over a thousand years of reflection on the Qurʾān, the authentic Sunnah, and the consensus of the early community. Nothing below is a paraphrase. The words are the scholars' own, translated from the original Arabic manuscripts.

Read them closely. If a passage doesn't sit right, open the full book in the library and listen to the chapter around it. Context in the classical tradition is everything.

Cover of Book 4: The Book of Prayer
Book 4: The Book of Prayer
Imam al-Ghazali · Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din

11th–12th century · Ṭūs, Khurāsān
Reviving the inner life of Islam through the Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn — one of the most influential works ever written in any religious tradition.
More on Imam al-Ghazali → · Provenance →

  1. "The hadith from Aisha records that he prayed four units of Duha and increased as Allah willed. The hadith mentioning that he prayed six rak'ahs of Duha is narrated from Jabir, affirming his credibility. Now, regarding acts that recur weekly. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to pray six rak'ahs of Duha at two different times."

  2. "It was graded authentic by al-Bukhari and others. The hadith of Umm Hani mentions that he prayed the Duha prayer with eight rak'ahs, executing them lengthily and beautifully. This is agreed upon, though the additional emphasis on their length and beauty is considered unsubstantiated. The hadith from Aisha records that he prayed four units of Duha and increased as Allah willed."

  3. "reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, prayed Duha with eight rak'ahs, elongating and beautifying them, and no other amount was reported from anyone else. Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, mentioned that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to pray Duha with four rak'ahs and would add as much as Allah willed."

  4. "The Witr should be the last night prayer, following Tahajjud. The virtues of Witr and Tahajjud and how to structure them will be mentioned in the Book of Organizing Supplications. Seventh: The Duha Prayer Persisting in the Duha prayer is among the most determined and virtuous actions. The greatest number of rak'ahs narrated is eight."

Cover of Yusha, al-Khidr & Ilyas
Yusha, al-Khidr & Ilyas
Ibn Kathir · Stories of the Prophets

14th century · Bosra, Syria
Monumental history Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah, the world's most widely read Qurʾanic commentary, and the classical Stories of the Prophets.
More on Ibn Kathir → · Provenance →

  1. "whom was the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. Upon entering, he bathed and prayed eight rakahs, known as the prayer of gratitude for victory, according to the famous opinion of the scholars. It was also said to be the Salat al-Duha, claimed so only because it coincided with the time of Duha. As for the children of Israel, they disobeyed both in word and deed. They entered the gate crawling on their behinds while saying, a grain in hair, and in another account, wheat in hair. Essentially, they altered what they were commanded to do and mocked it. As Allah recounts their story in Surah Al-A'raf,"

Cover of Book 10: The Mysteries of Regular Divisions
Book 10: The Mysteries of Regular Divisions
Imam al-Ghazali · Ihya’ ‘Ulum al-Din

11th–12th century · Ṭūs, Khurāsān
Reviving the inner life of Islam through the Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn — one of the most influential works ever written in any religious tradition.
More on Imam al-Ghazali → · Provenance →

  1. "The Duha prayer is between sunrise and noon, similar to how Asr is between noon and sunset. However, Duha is not obligatory because it is a time when people are often busy with their affairs, so this task is lightened. During this time, there are four main tasks, with two additional matters. One is engaging in earning and managing one's livelihood, such as attending the market."

  2. "removing harm is a charity," and it continues to mention that even tasbih, the glorification of Allah, and tahlil, saying "La ilaha illa Allah," are included. It concludes with, "And the two rak'ahs of Duha, the forenoon prayer, cover all of this or gather all of it for you." Now, let's consider the variation of portions according to different situations."

  3. "After every three hours, a specific prayer is recommended. If three hours pass after sunrise, the Duha prayer should be performed before this time ends. After another three hours, the Dhuhr prayer is due, followed by the Asr prayer, and then Maghrib. The Duha prayer is between sunrise and noon, similar to how Asr is between noon and sunset."

  4. "approximately three hours of the day if the day is considered twelve hours, which is one quarter. In this quarter of the day, there are two additional tasks, one being the Duha prayer. It is preferable to pray two units at dawn, meaning when the sun has fully risen and elevated to about half a spear length, and to perform four, six, or eight units when the ground becomes hot from the sun, and feet feel the heat at the sun's intensity."

Cover of Volume 3 — The Sīrah: From the First Revelation to Badr
Volume 3 — The Sīrah: From the First Revelation to Badr
Ibn Kathir · Al-Bidāya wal-Nihāya

14th century · Bosra, Syria
Monumental history Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah, the world's most widely read Qurʾanic commentary, and the classical Stories of the Prophets.
More on Ibn Kathir → · Provenance →

  1. "It is also said that the angel of death came to him while he was descending from his prayer niche and he was taken while in prostration. Some have claimed that the first revelation after the period of silence was the chapter, By the Morning Light and By the Night When It Covers from Surah Ad-Duha. This was stated by Muhammad ibn Ishaq. Some reciters suggested that the Prophet, peace be upon him, proclaimed Takbir at its beginning in joy."

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