Who was ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib?

"to Abu Talib. The prophet, peace be upon him, preferred that Ali keep this matter private until it was made public. He advised Ali, If you do not embrace Islam, then keep it to yourself. That night, Allah placed Islam in Ali's heart. The next morning, Ali returned to the prophet and asked, What did you present to me, O Muhammad? The prophet, peace be upon him, explained, You bear witness that there is no deity but Allah, alone with no partner, and you disbelieve in Allat and Al-Uzza, and you renounce the idols. Ali embraced Islam and kept his faith hidden, fearing Abu Talib. Zayd ibn Haritha also embraced Islam, and for nearly a month,"

"jinn to build for him three palaces in Yemen, Gamdan, Salihin, and Baitun. Allah knows best. Ibn Ishaq recounts an event where Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, came upon the prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, while he was praying. Ali asked, O Muhammad, what is this? The prophet replied, This is the religion of Allah, which he has chosen for himself and with which he has sent his messengers. I invite you to worship Allah alone with no partner and to disbelieve in Allat and Al-Uzza. Ali, unfamiliar with this, said he would not decide until he spoke to Abu Talib. The prophet, peace be upon him, preferred that Ali keep this matter private until"

"throw filth into his bowl, and he would remove it, saying, O Banu Abdmanaf, what kind of protection is this? And then throw it into the street. Now regarding the illness of Abu Talib, when his condition became known to the Quraysh, they said to one another, Hamza and Umar have embraced Islam, and Muhammad's influence has spread among the tribes. Let us go to Abu Talib to persuade him to take a stand against his nephew. When they went to Abu Talib, they included the nobles of his people, Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah, Abu Jahl ibn Hisham, Umayyah ibn Khalaf, and Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, among others. They said, O Abu Talib, you know your position among"

"for her the three palaces mentioned in Yemen, and the first is the most famous and well known. Allah knows best. The blessings of Allah upon Ali. Now let's turn to another account. One of the blessings Allah bestowed upon Ali was his care under the prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, before Islam's advent. Ibn Ishaq narrates from Mujahid that during a severe crisis faced by Quraysh, Abu Talib had many dependents. The prophet, peace be upon him, suggested to his uncle Abbas, who was more affluent, O Abbas, your brother Abu Talib has many dependents, and the people are suffering from this crisis. Let us relieve him of some burdens."

"My husband the commander of the faithful was killed at the dawn prayer and my father was killed at the dawn prayer A sheikh from Quraysh narrated that when Ali was struck. He said I have triumphed by the Lord of the Kaaba Muhammad Ibn Ali reported that after being struck Ali advised his sons and did not utter except there is no deity But Allah until he passed away When al-hassan Ibn Ali became seriously ill al-hussain entered and said oh my brother What distresses you as you proceed to the messenger of Allah and to Ali Ibn Abi Talib your parents and to Khadija bint Qawailid and Fatima bint Muhammad your mothers and to Hamza and Jafar your uncles"

"So have confidence and hope in Him, for the deprived one is he who is deprived of the reward. Peace be upon you. Ali said, Do you know who this is? It is Khidir. This narration includes Muhammad ibn Jafar al-Sadiq, who was criticized, and there is a break between Ali ibn al-Husayn and his grandfather Ali. The known narration from Ali ibn al-Husayn is disconnected without mentioning Ali, as Shafi'i narrated in Al-Umm without mentioning Khidir."

"As he had worn from his father Shams al-Din, who wore from his father Taj al-Din Mahmud, who wore from his father Shihab al-Din Ali al-Rajah, and Ali from Imam Shihab al-Din Abu Hafs Omar ibn Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Suhrawardi, and Omar from the Grand Sheikh Diya al-Din Abu al-Najib al-Suhrawardi, and Abu al-Najib from his uncle the Imam Wahid al-Din Omar, and Omar from his father Ali ibn Abdullah, known as Amuya, and Muhammad from the Sheikh Ahi Faraj al-Zanjani, and Ahi Faraj from Sheikh Ahmad al-Din Awari, and Ahmad from Imam Mamshad al-Din Awari, and Mamshad from the sage Ali ibn Suhaila al-Sufi, and Ali from Abu al-Qasim"

"Rise to your prayer, may God have mercy upon you. This chain of transmission is sound. The Companions, may God be pleased with them all, were agreed upon the pledge to al-Siddiq at that time — even Ali ibn Abi Talib and al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, may God be pleased with them both. The proof of this is what al-Bayhaqi related, saying: We were informed by Abu al-Husayn Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hafiz al-Isfarayini, who said: Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Hafiz related to us, who said: Abu Bakr ibn Khuzayma and Ibrahim ibn Abi Talib related to us, both saying:"

"When the next year came, Abu Talib had nothing to give Abbas, so he left the provision of water to him, and it then passed to him. After that it passed to Abdullah, his son. Then it was passed down to Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Abbas, then to Dawud ibn Ali, then to Sulaiman ibn Ali, then to Isa ibn Ali. Then al-Mansur took it and appointed his freedman Abu Razin, as mentioned by the Umayyad. Ibn Ishaq said, They obeyed him and asked, What should we do?"

"and Abu Muhammad Hibatullah ibn Ahmed ibn Muhammad al-Akfani narrated to us. Abu Bakr Ahmed ibn Ali ibn Thabit al-Baghdadi the Hafidh told us, Rubaydullah ibn Umar the preacher informed me who informed me from Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Nasr ibn Ali al-Jahdami from Muhammad ibn Khalid who narrated from Ali ibn Nasr saying, I saw Khalil ibn Ahmed, may God have mercy on him, in a dream and said in my dream, so I asked, what did God do to you? He said, I saw what we were in, nothing was better than, glory be to God, praise be to God, there is no God but God, and God is the greatest. In another narration, Ali ibn Nasr said,"