The Pilgrimage

"The second is qiran, which involves combining Hajj and Umrah by saying "Labbayk for Hajj and Umrah together," becoming a muhrim for both. The Hajj acts suffice, and Umrah is incorporated into Hajj. If one performs tawaf and sa'i before standing at Arafat, the sa'i counts for both rites, but the tawaf does not count as a compulsory duty because obligatory tawaf in Hajj must occur after standing."

"The order is as follows: first, the fulfillment of Islamic Hajj, then making up for a corrupted Hajj, then a vow, deputation, and finally voluntary Hajj. This sequence is requisite, even if intended otherwise. The conditions for the obligation of Hajj include reaching maturity, Islam, sanity, freedom, and ability. Anyone obligated to perform Hajj must also perform 'Umrah. If someone enters Mecca for visitation or trade and is not a Meccan, they are required to assume ihram according to one opinion and conclude it with 'Umrah or Hajj."

"However, during the days of Mina, one should not assume ihram for 'Umrah due to the obligations of Mina. To fulfill the obligation of the Islamic Hajj, five conditions must be met: Islam, freedom, reaching the age of majority, sanity, and the correct time. If a minor or a slave assumes ihram, and the slave is freed or the minor reaches maturity at 'Arafat or Muzdalifah and returns to 'Arafat before dawn, it fulfills the requirement for Islamic Hajj, as Hajj is 'Arafat, and no sacrifice is owed except a sheep."

"Maghrib, and Isha prayers, and take a rest there, as this aligns with the Sunnah. This practice has been narrated by a group of the companions, may Allah be pleased with them. If not done, there is nothing upon the pilgrim. Eighth Section: On the Description of Umrah and What Follows Until the Farewell Tawaf Whoever wishes to perform Umrah before or after Hajj at any time should perform ghusl, wear the ihram garments as done for Hajj, and enter the state of ihram for Umrah from its designated location."

"The first is preparing the means by acquiring a camel, patching the water flask, and preparing provisions and a mount. The second is the journey itself, leaving home to head towards the Kaaba, station by station. The third aspect is engaging in the acts of Hajj, step by step. Once the pilgrimage is completed, and the state of ihram is left behind, along with the farewell Tawaf, the pilgrim is ready to experience the grandeur and majesty of the journey, holding different levels of understanding from the initial preparation to its conclusion."

"The sacred months are Dhu al-Qi'dah, Dhu al-Hijjah, Muharram, and Rajab—one standalone and three consecutive. The best of them is Dhu al-Hijjah because it includes the pilgrimage and the known and enumerated days. Dhu al-Qi'dah is among the sacred months and one of the months of pilgrimage. Shawwal is a month of pilgrimage but not sacred, whereas Muharram and Rajab are not months of pilgrimage."

"but over time, the same verse may not evoke the same reaction. This is similar to how Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, considered limiting excessive tawaf, fearing that people might become indifferent to the Kaaba due to over-familiarity. When a pilgrim first sees the Kaaba, it can be an overwhelming experience, but residing in Mecca for a while might diminish that initial awe."

"Other ghusls are recommended, such as those for Eid prayers, the Friday prayer, Ihram (pilgrimage state), standing at Arafat and Muzdalifah, entering Mecca, the three days of Tashreeq, the farewell circumambulation (tawaf), when a disbeliever converts to Islam in a state other than junub, when a mad person regains sanity, and for anyone who washes a deceased person."

"This becomes clear with an example: if a pilgrim vows that on the path to pilgrimage he will not occupy himself with anything other than pilgrimage, devoting himself entirely to it, then occupies himself with preserving provisions, feeding the camel, sewing the water-bag, and all that is necessary for the pilgrimage, he does not break his vow."

"and he responded, "Patience. The hadith about Hajj states, "Hajj is Arafah," understood to mean its chief part is 'Arafah. He also said, "The best deeds are those imposed upon the soul. It is said that Allah, the Exalted, revealed to David: "Adorn yourself with My attributes, and among My attributes is that I am Patient.""

"Tenth: One should remain in the mosque until the 'Asr prayer. If he stays until Maghrib, it is better. It is said that whoever performs the 'Asr prayer in congregation gets the reward of Hajj, and whoever performs the Maghrib prayer gets the reward of Hajj and Umrah. If one fears ostentation or distractions from observing the retreat due to the attention of people, or fears engaging in unbeneficial talk, it is better to return home, remembering Allah Almighty, reflecting on His blessings, thanking Allah for His guidance, fearing one's own shortcomings, and watching over one's heart and tongue until sunset so as not to miss the noble hour."

"the pilgrim is ready to experience the grandeur and majesty of the journey, holding different levels of understanding from the initial preparation to its conclusion. From the beginning of the desert paths to their end, and from the start of the Hajj rituals to their completion, each stage holds significance. A person who begins with the pillars of Hajj is closer to happiness than one who is merely preparing provisions and a mount, but not as close as one who has already started the journey."

"Servitude is demonstrated when movement is solely for the sake of obedience to the command of the worshipped and not for any other reason. Most acts of Hajj are similar in this way, which is why the Prophet, peace be upon him, declared during his state of Ihram, "At Your service for a true Hajj, as pure worship and servitude," highlighting that this displays servitude through compliance with the command as ordered, without the intellect finding solace in it."

"The Sufi asked Abu Ubaid what he had said. He replied, "He asked me to perform Hajj with him, and I said no. When asked why he did not agree, he said, "I have no intention of performing Hajj this year; I intended to finish working this land today. I fear if I go for Hajj because of him, I might incur the displeasure of Allah, as I would be mixing divine work with something else, and what I am doing here would be greater in my eyes than seventy pilgrimages.""

"the misguidance of previous nations. Yet remnants of the covenant of Ibrahim remained, such as honoring the house, performing tawaf, observing hajj and umrah, standing at Arafat and Muzdalifah, offering sacrifices and proclaiming their intention for hajj and umrah while incorporating practices not originally part of it. When Kinana and Quraysh proclaimed their intention, they would say, Here I am, O Allah, here I am. Here I am, you have no partner except for a partner that is yours, you own him and what he possesses. They affirmed his oneness in their proclamation, but included their idols alongside him. Allah the Exalted said to Muhammad, peace be upon him,"

"Al-Baihaqi noted that Ibn Lahiyya is the only one who narrated this in this manner, and it is considered weak. Al-Rabi narrated from Al-Shafi'i that Adam performed Hajj, and the angels met him, saying, Blessed is your pilgrimage, O Adam. We performed Hajj before you two thousand years ago. Yunus ibn Bukair narrated from Ibn Ishaq that every prophet performed Hajj to the house, except for Hud and Salih."

"secret. Al-Walid then told his son Utbah, and soon the news spread to the Quraysh. The next morning, Abbas went to perform tawaf around the Kaaba. Abu Jahl ibn Hisham was sitting with a group of Quraysh discussing Atiqa's dream. When Abu Jahl saw Abbas, he said, O Abu al-Fadl, when you finish your tawaf, come to us. After completing his tawaf, Abbas joined them."

"his hand, claiming he was involved in the theft. At that time, a ship belonging to a Roman merchant was wrecked at Jeddah. The Quraysh took its wood to use for roofing the Kaaba. Al-Umari mentioned that this ship belonged to Caesar, the Roman king, and was carrying construction materials for a church that the Persians had burned. Allah sent a wind that wrecked it at Jeddah. In Mecca, there was a Coptic carpenter who helped with improvements for the Kaaba. A snake lived in the well of the Kaaba, where offerings were thrown. It would rise above the wall, frightening people. One day, Allah sent a bird that snatched the snake away. The"

"in the sixth year, the day of the conquest in Ramadan of the eighth year, and the day of Hunayn and the siege of Ta'if in Shawwal of the eighth year. Abu Bakr performed Hajj in the ninth year, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, performed the Farewell Pilgrimage in the tenth year. Additionally, there were twelve battles in which there was no fighting, the first being the expedition to al-Abwa. The first verse revealed concerning fighting was, Permission is given to those who are being fought because they have been wronged, as found in Surah al-Hajj. This revelation came after the arrival of the Messenger of Allah,"

"belongs the east and the west he guides whom he wills to a straight path. The Prophet peace be upon him initially prayed in Mecca towards Al-Aqsa with the Kaaba in front of him. After migrating to Medina he prayed towards Al-Aqsa for 16 or 17 months turning his back to the Kaaba. This continued until Rajab of the second year and Allah knows best. The Prophet peace be upon him longed to face the Kaaba the Qibla of Abraham and frequently supplicated to Allah for this change. Allah then revealed indeed we see your face turning in the heaven so we will surely turn you to a Qibla with which you will be pleased so turn your"

"Quraysh took this as a sign that Allah had accepted their intentions, as they now had a skilled worker and materials, and the snake was gone. Al-Suhayli narrated from Razin that during the days of Jerhum, a thief entered the Kaaba to steal its treasure. The well collapsed on him, and they retrieved what he had taken. A snake then settled in the well for 500 years, and it is the same one mentioned by Muhammad ibn Ishaq. When the Quraysh resolved to demolish and rebuild the Kaaba, Abu Wab'amur ibn A'id took a stone from the Kaaba, but it leaped from his hand and returned to its place. He advised the Quraysh to use only"

"Yunus ibn Bukhair narrates from Muhammad ibn Ishaq about an account from Ufaif who was a merchant. Ufaif visited Mina during Hajj and saw a man praying towards the Kaaba accompanied by a woman and a boy. He asked Abbas ibn al-Muttalib, What is this religion? We do not know it. Abbas explained, This is Muhammad ibn Abdullah, who claims Allah has sent him and that the treasures of Kisra and Qaysar will be opened to him. This is his wife Khadija, who has believed in him, and this boy is his cousin Ali, who has also believed in him. Ufaif reflected, I wish I had believed that day so that I could have been the second."

"I would spend the treasure of the Kaaba in Allah's cause. I would bring its door to the ground and include the Hijr within it. Ibn al-Zubayr, may Allah have mercy on him, later rebuilt the Kaaba during his time as the Prophet had indicated, based on what he learned from his aunt Aisha, mother of the believers. However, after Ibn al-Zubayr was killed by Al-Hajjaj in the year 73, the Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan ordered the Kaaba to be returned to its former state."

"of Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, a stone's throw away from the mosque. Attributed to Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, and the origin of this Umrah is that when Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, may Allah be pleased with both of them, completed the building of the sacred Kaaba, he set out barefoot, performing Umrah with the people of Mecca. This was on the 27th day of Rajab. He reached the hill and entered into Ihram, a state of ritual consecration there, making his way over the Thaniya al-Hajun to al-Mu'alla, from where the Muslims entered on the day of the conquest. This Umrah remained a tradition for the people of Mecca until this"

"torches and lanterns illuminate the way before the litters. Mountains echo back the calls of those proclaiming the Talbiya, tendering the hearts and drawing tears. Once the Umrah rites are fulfilled and they have circumambulated the Kaaba, they emerge for Sa'i, ritual walking, between Safa and Marwa after part of the night has passed. The path alights with lanterns, filled with people, women carried on litters. The sacred mosque glistens with light. They call this pilgrimage an Umrah from the hill, because it begins from the small elevation near the mosque of Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, a stone's throw away from the mosque. Attributed to Ali,"

"to the adherents among the poor. In Granada, there are numerous poor Persians who settled there due to its resemblance to their homeland, among them, Hajj Abu Abdullah Samarkandi, Hajj Ahmad Tabrizi, Hajj Ibrahim Kanawi, Hajj Hussain Khorasani, and the two Hajjas Ali and Rashid al-Hindia, among others. Then I traveled from Granada to Al-Hama, then to Velez, then to Malaga, and then to the fortress of Daquan, a beautiful fort abundant with water, trees, and fruits. From there I journeyed to Ronda, and then to the village of Banu Riyah. Its sheikh, Abu al-Hassan Ali Suleiman al-Riyahi, one of the noble and distinguished"

"After performing the Fajr prayer in Muzdalifah, we proceeded to Mina, after observing and supplicating at the sacred monument. Muzdalifah is entirely a place for standing, except for the valley of Muhasar, where jogging occurs until one exits it. From Muzdalifah, most people gather pebbles for stoning the pillars, which is recommended, though some collect them around the al-Kaif mosque, as there is ample scope for practice."

"exclaim, ìGod is greatî and invoke, ìO Allah, open for us the doors of your mercy and forgiveness, most merciful of the merciful.î Inside the Honored Kaaba is paved with variegated marble, and its walls are similarly adorned. There are three long teakwood columns exceedingly tall, spaced four strides apart, centrally located within the Kaaba's empty space, with the middle one aligned half with the width of the wall between the Yemeni and Levantine corners. The drapery of the revered Kaaba is made of black silk, embroidered in white, shimmering with light and radiance, covering it from top to bottom. Among the wondrous"

"until you believe in Allah and His Messenger." Consequently, every man and woman in the house of Banu Abd al-Ashhal embraced Islam. It is narrated that Sa'd ibn Mu'adh went for Umrah and stayed with Umayyah ibn Khalaf. Umayyah advised him to perform his circumambulation at midday when people were inattentive. While Sa'd was performing tawaf, Abu Jahl approached and questioned, "Who is this performing tawaf safely?" Sa'd replied, "I am Sa'd." Abu Jahl challenged him, "Do you perform tawaf safely when you have given refuge to Muhammad and his companions?" Sa'd affirmed, "Yes." They argued, and Umayyah cautioned, "Do not raise your voice against Abu al-Hakam,"

"and even before the legislation, he was certainly protected from adultery, betrayal, treachery, lying, intoxication, idol worship, divination with arrows, and all forms of vice, foolishness, vulgarity, and indecency. He never circumambulated the Kaaba naked, nor did he stand with his people at Muzdalifah on the Day of Arafah; rather, he stood at Arafah."

"Maintaining the remembrance of Allah suffices in place of voluntary acts and serves as their equivalent, whether physical or financial, like the pilgrimage of voluntary hajj. This is explicitly mentioned in the hadith of Abu Huraira. The poor emigrants came to the Prophet peace and blessings be upon him and said, O Messenger of Allah, the wealthy have taken the highest ranks and lasting bliss. They pray as we pray, fast as we fast, yet they have an advantage with their wealth by performing hajj, umrah, and jihad. He said, Shall I not teach you something that will enable you to catch up with those who preceded you, surpass"

"For example, he said: "If I had wealth, I would do as so-and-so does, who fears his Lord with his wealth, maintains family ties, and gives its due right." He said, "They are equal in reward." During the Farewell Pilgrimage, the Prophet, peace be upon him, wished that he had performed the lesser pilgrimage and exited the state of ihram without offering the sacrificial animal, as he had combined the pilgrimage rites."